| Form | Swedish | English pattern |
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | att lukta | to … |
| Present | luktar | I …, he …s |
| Past (preteritum) | luktade | I …ed |
| Supine (perfect) | har luktat | have …ed |
| Past perfect | hade luktat | had …ed |
| Future | ska lukta / kommer att lukta | will … |
| Imperative | lukta! | … ! |
| Present participle | luktande | …ing |
Swedish verbs do not change for person: jag luktar, du luktar, hon luktar, vi luktar, de luktar. Learn one form per tense and you can use it with everyone.
How lukta conjugates
Group 1 is the largest and most regular group. The infinitive ends in -a, the present adds -r, the past adds -de and the supine adds -t: tala → talar, talade, talat. New verbs that enter Swedish (googla, chatta) almost always join this group. So lukta → luktar, luktade, luktat.
Passive (s-form)
Swedish makes the passive by adding -s: the doer drops out and the thing acted on becomes the subject. Spoken Swedish often prefers bli + past participle.
| Form | Swedish |
|---|---|
| Infinitive | att luktas |
| Present | luktas |
| Past | luktades |
| Supine | har luktats |
Meanings and examples
Patterns: ngn = någon (someone) · ngt = något (something) · SATS = a clause · VERB = a verb · PLATS = a place · RIKTNING = a direction · TID = a time · SÄTT = a manner · ADJ = an adjective